Interpreted Groups — Knowledge Report

Exported 8/10/2026, 4:08:23 PM · Road Traffic Fines (Italian local police)
Interpreted groups accumulate here — from obvious/outlier groups (step 1), homogeneous clusters, and manual selections (step 5). Each entry's traces are excluded from "remaining" everywhere in the app once added. Each card now also carries a small fingerprint panel (recent addition) — every case attribute the group has enough data to check, laid out together, with the ones that actually diverge from the whole dataset outlined — so the record captures not just what the group is, but a first-pass account of why. This tab is also where the next subset to investigate gets picked: either the whole "Remaining" pool, or an existing group reopened because it turned out not homogeneous enough — either way, the choice loops back to 2. Encoding.
Groups — 2D arrangement
hover a group for details · click to jump to its card on the right
How this is arranged: each interpreted group is reduced to a simple feature vector (the proportion of its traces' events belonging to each activity type), then projected to 2D via PCA (principal component analysis) — groups with similar behavioral profiles land near each other, dissimilar ones land far apart. Pie size ∝ √(trace count); slices show the outcome mix. This is a rough visual arrangement for orientation, not a precise similarity measure.
All interpreted groups — click a column header to sort; hover a row or a pie above to cross-highlight
# ▼sizeoutcomesdominant %SO
2229575%3.9×0.38
2129284%4.2×0.61
2032872%3.9×0.45
1922990%–0.69
1839990%–0.69
1754996%–0.87
161,01895%–0.84
151,54792%–0.78
1399393%3.4×0.74
121,47186%3.6×0.62
113,31898%3.3×0.91
104,77998%3.2×0.92
9257100%1.6×1.00
81,523100%1.9×1.00
73,84893%1.9×0.70
656,482100%1.9×1.00
559494%2.8×0.16
458995%2.9×0.23
363597%2.9×0.54
236295%–0.81
120,385100%–1.00
046,371100%–0.99
Remaining / unexplained
4,106 of 150,370 traces (2.7%) not yet interpreted.
dismissed: 1,737 (42%)unresolved: 1,663 (41%)paid_full: 493 (12%)credit_collection: 213 (5%)
Interpreted groups
22 groups interpreted (+1 reopened for further analysis, shown below with their children) — 146,264 of 150,370 traces (97.3% of the full dataset) explained so far; 4,106 traces (2.7%) remain, still unexplained.

Obvious group: Create Fine → Payment (S – · O 0.99)

46,371 traces (30.8% of full dataset) · outcome purity 100% (paid_full) · source: obvious-group (step 1) · added 2:48:25 PM
Selected via: obvious group Create Fine → Payment
paid_full: 46,315 (100%)unresolved: 56 (0%)
notification type
absent 100% (+53pp)
expense
0.00 (0.0×)
trace length (N actions)
2 (0.5×)
duration
10d (0.0×)
max gap
10d (0.0×)
creation year
peak 2000

Obvious group: Create Fine → Send Fine (S – · O 1.00)

20,385 traces (13.6% of full dataset) · outcome purity 100% (unresolved) · source: obvious-group (step 1) · added 2:48:27 PM
Selected via: obvious group Create Fine → Send Fine
unresolved: 20,385 (100%)
notification type
absent 100% (+53pp)
trace length (N actions)
2 (0.5×)
creation year
peak 2000
duration
97d (0.3×)
expense
12.53 (1.5×)
max gap
97d (0.4×)

Obvious group: Create Fine → Payment → Send Fine (S – · O 0.81)

362 traces (0.2% of full dataset) · outcome purity 95% (unresolved) · source: obvious-group (step 1) · added 2:48:30 PM
Selected via: obvious group Create Fine → Payment → Send Fine
unresolved: 343 (95%)paid_full: 19 (5%)
notification type
absent 100% (+53pp)
creation year
peak 2002 (+39pp)
duration
64d (0.2×)
max gap
54d (0.2×)
trace length (N actions)
3 (0.8×)
amount
35.82 (0.5×)

Topic T1-dominant (K=6, step 4) (S 2.9× · O 0.54)

635 traces (0.4% of full dataset) · outcome purity 97% (paid_full) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:30:03 PM
Selected via: topic T1 (K=6) — top terms: maxgap:high (1.007), 2gGap:Create Fine->Send Fine[high] (0.981), gap:high (0.891), 2gGap:Send Fine->Payment[low] (0.365)
paid_full: 618 (97%)unresolved: 17 (3%)
notification type
absent 100% (+53pp)
creation year
peak 2001 (+19pp)
duration
140d (0.4×)
max gap
110d (0.4×)
trace length (N actions)
3 (0.8×)
expense
10.34 (1.3×)

Topic T3-dominant (K=6, step 4) (S 2.9× · O 0.23)

589 traces (0.4% of full dataset) · outcome purity 95% (paid_full) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:30:43 PM
Selected via: topic T3 (K=6) — top terms: maxgap:mid (0.979), 2gGap:Create Fine->Send Fine[high] (0.311), gap:high (0.288), 2gGap:Send Fine->Payment[low] (0.196)
paid_full: 558 (95%)unresolved: 31 (5%)
notification type
absent 100% (+53pp)
creation year
peak 2002 (+49pp)
duration
92d (0.3×)
max gap
67d (0.3×)
trace length (N actions)
3 (0.8×)
amount
44.74 (0.6×)

Topic T4-dominant (K=6, step 4) (S 2.8× · O 0.16)

594 traces (0.4% of full dataset) · outcome purity 94% (paid_full) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:31:24 PM
Selected via: topic T4 (K=6) — top terms: 2gGap:Send Fine->Payment[high] (0.881), gap:high (0.499), 2gGap:Create Fine->Send Fine[mid] (0.222), maxgap:high (0.147)
paid_full: 559 (94%)unresolved: 35 (6%)
notification type
absent 100% (+53pp)
creation year
peak 2002 (+29pp)
trace length (N actions)
3 (0.8×)
max gap
148d (0.6×)
duration
217d (0.6×)
expense
10.40 (1.3×)

Topic T0-dominant (K=15, step 4) (S 1.9× · O 1.00)

56,482 traces (37.6% of full dataset) · outcome purity 100% (credit_collection) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:40:44 PM
Selected via: topic T0 (K=15) — top terms: Add penalty->Send for Credit Collection (5.943), Send for Credit Collection (5.779), Insert Fine Notif.->Add penalty (4.874), Send Fine->Insert Fine Notif. (4.444)
credit_collection: 56,482 (100%)
notification type
P 100% (+47pp)
duration
690d (2.0×)
max gap
527d (2.1×)
trace length (N actions)
5 (1.3×)
creation year
peak 2000 (+6pp)
expense
11.70 (1.4×)

Topic T4-dominant (K=15, step 4) (S 1.9× · O 0.70)

3,848 traces (2.6% of full dataset) · outcome purity 93% (paid_full) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:41:16 PM
Selected via: topic T4 (K=15) — top terms: Payment->Payment (2.328), Payment (1.442), Insert Fine Notif.->Add penalty (0.085), Create Fine (0.058)
paid_full: 3,587 (93%)unresolved: 257 (7%)credit_collection: 4 (0%)
notification type
absent 0%
trace length (N actions)
6 (1.6×)
expense
11.81 (1.4×)
max gap
156d (0.6×)
amount
95.60 (1.3×)
creation year
peak 2012 (+2pp)

Topic T6-dominant (K=15, step 4) (S 1.9× · O 1.00)

1,523 traces (1.0% of full dataset) · outcome purity 100% (credit_collection) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:41:30 PM
Selected via: topic T6 (K=15) — top terms: Payment->Send for Credit Collection (1.532), Send for Credit Collection (0.389), Insert Fine Notif.->Add penalty (0.039), Send Fine->Insert Fine Notif. (0.021)
credit_collection: 1,523 (100%)
notification type
P 100% (+47pp)
trace length (N actions)
6 (1.6×)
duration
675d (2.0×)
max gap
456d (1.8×)
creation year
peak 2000 (+7pp)
expense
11.30 (1.4×)

Topic T14-dominant (K=15, step 4) (S 1.6× · O 1.00)

257 traces (0.2% of full dataset) · outcome purity 100% (credit_collection) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:43:34 PM
Selected via: topic T14 (K=15) — top terms: Notify Result Appeal to Offender->Send for Credit Collection (0.276), Notify Result Appeal to Offender (0.086), Receive Result Appeal from Prefecture->Notify Result Appeal to Offender (0.083), Send for Credit Collection (0.076)
credit_collection: 257 (100%)
notification type
absent 0%
trace length (N actions)
9 (2.4×)
expense
19.93 (2.4×)
duration
911d (2.7×)
max gap
610d (2.4×)
amount
142.33 (2.0×)

Topic T0-dominant (K=9, step 4) (S 3.2× · O 0.92)

4,779 traces (3.2% of full dataset) · outcome purity 98% (paid_full) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:54:23 PM
Selected via: topic T0 (K=9) — top terms: gap:high (2.809), 2gGap:Add penalty->Payment[high] (2.279), Insert Fine Notif.->Add penalty->Payment (1.994), maxgap:high (1.988)
paid_full: 4,700 (98%)unresolved: 78 (2%)dismissed: 1 (0%)
notification type
P 100% (+47pp)
creation year
peak 2004 (+12pp)
trace length (N actions)
5 (1.3×)
expense
12.50 (1.5×)
duration
559d (1.6×)
max gap
378d (1.5×)

Topic T1-dominant (K=9, step 4) (S 3.3× · O 0.91)

3,318 traces (2.2% of full dataset) · outcome purity 98% (unresolved) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:55:54 PM
Selected via: topic T1 (K=9) — top terms: Payment->Add penalty->Payment (1.747), Insert Fine Notif.->Payment->Add penalty (1.673), Send Fine->Insert Fine Notif.->Payment (1.672), Insert Fine Notif.->Payment (1.671)
unresolved: 3,253 (98%)paid_full: 65 (2%)
notification type
P 100% (+47pp)
creation year
peak 2000 (+15pp)
trace length (N actions)
6 (1.6×)
expense
13.01 (1.6×)
max gap
134d (0.5×)
duration
259d (0.8×)

Topic T3-dominant (K=9, step 4) (S 3.6× · O 0.62)

1,471 traces (1.0% of full dataset) · outcome purity 86% (paid_full) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:56:21 PM
Selected via: topic T3 (K=9) — top terms: Create Fine->Send Fine->Payment (2.187), Send Fine->Payment (2.177), 2gGap:Send Fine->Payment[mid] (1.621), 2gGap:Create Fine->Send Fine[mid] (1.402)
paid_full: 1,260 (86%)unresolved: 211 (14%)
notification type
absent 96% (+49pp)
creation year
peak 2002 (+31pp)
duration
83d (0.2×)
max gap
52d (0.2×)
trace length (N actions)
3 (0.9×)
amount
44.93 (0.6×)

Topic T6-dominant (K=9, step 4) (S 3.4× · O 0.74)

993 traces (0.7% of full dataset) · outcome purity 93% (paid_full) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:56:37 PM
Selected via: topic T6 (K=9) — top terms: amount:mid (2.597), maxgap:mid (1.846), 2gGap:Create Fine->Send Fine[high] (0.672), gap:mid (0.587)
paid_full: 923 (93%)unresolved: 58 (6%)dismissed: 12 (1%)
notification type
P 99% (+46pp)
creation year
peak 2007 (+20pp)
trace length (N actions)
5 (1.3×)
expense
12.50 (1.5×)
max gap
198d (0.8×)
duration
368d (1.1×)

Topic T8-dominant (K=9, step 4) (S 3.5× · O 0.48) ↳ superseded — reopened for further analysis

860 traces (0.6% of full dataset) · outcome purity 83% (credit_collection) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:56:44 PM
Selected via: topic T8 (K=9) — top terms: Add penalty->Send for Credit Collection (1.181), 2gGap:Add penalty->Send for Credit Collection[high] (1.181), Send for Credit Collection (1.172), Payment->Add penalty->Send for Credit Collection (1.115)
credit_collection: 718 (83%)paid_full: 71 (8%)unresolved: 71 (8%)
notification type
absent 0%
trace length (N actions)
6 (1.6×)
creation year
peak 2003 (+12pp)
duration
710d (2.1×)
max gap
539d (2.1×)
expense
11.97 (1.4×)

Topic T0-dominant (K=20, step 4) (S – · O 0.78)

1,547 traces (1.0% of full dataset) · outcome purity 92% (unresolved) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:59:36 PM
Selected via: topic T0 (K=20) — top terms: 2gGap:Add penalty->Payment[low] (2.171), Insert Fine Notif.->Add penalty->Payment (1.792), Add penalty->Payment (1.727), Send Fine->Insert Fine Notif.->Add penalty (1.625)
unresolved: 1,428 (92%)paid_full: 119 (8%)
notification type
P 100% (+47pp)
trace length (N actions)
5 (1.3×)
expense
12.03 (1.5×)
max gap
99d (0.4×)
duration
168d (0.5×)
creation year
peak 2000

Topic T2-dominant (K=20, step 4) (S – · O 0.84)

1,018 traces (0.7% of full dataset) · outcome purity 95% (paid_full) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:59:47 PM
Selected via: topic T2 (K=20) — top terms: 2gGap:Add penalty->Payment[high] (1.576), gap:mid (0.931), maxgap:high (0.913), 2gGap:Create Fine->Send Fine[mid] (0.831)
paid_full: 969 (95%)unresolved: 49 (5%)
notification type
P 100% (+47pp)
creation year
peak 2011 (+42pp)
expense
13.93 (1.7×)
trace length (N actions)
5 (1.3×)
amount
111.46 (1.6×)
duration
419d (1.2×)

Topic T3-dominant (K=20, step 4) (S – · O 0.87)

549 traces (0.4% of full dataset) · outcome purity 96% (credit_collection) · source: topic (step 4) · added 3:59:56 PM
Selected via: topic T3 (K=20) — top terms: Insert Fine Notif.->Payment (0.92), Send Fine->Insert Fine Notif.->Payment (0.92), Insert Fine Notif.->Payment->Add penalty (0.918), Payment->Add penalty (0.917)
credit_collection: 528 (96%)unresolved: 21 (4%)
notification type
P 100% (+47pp)
creation year
peak 2003 (+15pp)
trace length (N actions)
6 (1.6×)
duration
613d (1.8×)
expense
12.81 (1.6×)
max gap
442d (1.7×)

Topic T5-dominant (K=20, step 4) (S – · O 0.69)

399 traces (0.3% of full dataset) · outcome purity 90% (unresolved) · source: topic (step 4) · added 4:00:15 PM
Selected via: topic T5 (K=20) — top terms: maxgap:low (1.708), 2gGap:Create Fine->Send Fine[mid] (1.57), gap:mid (1.482), 2gGap:Send Fine->Insert Fine Notif.[mid] (0.916)
unresolved: 361 (90%)paid_full: 21 (5%)dismissed: 17 (4%)
notification type
P 100% (+47pp)
creation year
peak 2000 (+41pp)
trace length (N actions)
5 (1.4×)
max gap
59d (0.2×)
duration
130d (0.4×)
amount
128.28 (1.8×)

Topic T18-dominant (K=20, step 4) (S – · O 0.69)

229 traces (0.2% of full dataset) · outcome purity 90% (unresolved) · source: topic (step 4) · added 4:00:27 PM
Selected via: topic T18 (K=20) — top terms: maxgap:mid (2.127), 2gGap:Create Fine->Send Fine[high] (0.642), gap:low (0.311), gap:high (0.288)
unresolved: 206 (90%)paid_full: 19 (8%)dismissed: 4 (2%)
notification type
P 99% (+46pp)
creation year
peak 2001 (+18pp)
trace length (N actions)
5 (1.3×)
max gap
113d (0.4×)
expense
11.26 (1.4×)
duration
197d (0.6×)

Homogeneous cluster: T15-dominant, 72% dismissed (S 3.9× · O 0.45)

328 traces (0.2% of full dataset) · outcome purity 72% (dismissed) · source: homogeneous cluster (step 5) · added 4:06:15 PM
Selected via: k-means cluster 0 — topic-weight profile: T15=0.172, T0=0.146, T9=0.059
dismissed: 236 (72%)unresolved: 91 (28%)paid_full: 1 (0%)
notification type
P 100% (+47pp)
trace length (N actions)
6 (1.6×)
creation year
peak 2011 (+8pp)
expense
13.18 (1.6×)
max gap
96d (0.4×)
amount
126.42 (1.8×)

Homogeneous cluster: T17-dominant, 84% unresolved (S 4.2× · O 0.61)

292 traces (0.2% of full dataset) · outcome purity 84% (unresolved) · source: homogeneous cluster (step 5) · added 4:06:27 PM
Selected via: k-means cluster 1 — topic-weight profile: T17=0.225, T0=0.145, T20=0.077
unresolved: 246 (84%)dismissed: 46 (16%)
notification type
absent 0%
max gap
1,250d (4.9×)
duration
1,417d (4.1×)
trace length (N actions)
6 (1.6×)
creation year
peak 2008 (+9pp)
expense
12.39 (1.5×)

Homogeneous cluster: T4-dominant, 75% unresolved (S 3.9× · O 0.38)

295 traces (0.2% of full dataset) · outcome purity 75% (unresolved) · source: homogeneous cluster (step 5) · added 4:06:37 PM
Selected via: k-means cluster 3 — topic-weight profile: T4=0.245, T2=0.044, T20=0.034
unresolved: 221 (75%)paid_full: 64 (22%)dismissed: 7 (2%)credit_collection: 3 (1%)
notification type
absent 0%
trace length (N actions)
9 (2.4×)
expense
21.88 (2.6×)
creation year
peak 2000
max gap
163d (0.6×)
amount
98.26 (1.4×)